abolfazl abedini; mehdi ghahramani
Abstract
Scientific centers that lay the ground for the development of science and the education of scientists are of great importance and are among the remarkable achievements of a culture and civilization. This paper compares the educational systems and scientific centers of the Buyids and the Seljuqs with ...
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Scientific centers that lay the ground for the development of science and the education of scientists are of great importance and are among the remarkable achievements of a culture and civilization. This paper compares the educational systems and scientific centers of the Buyids and the Seljuqs with regard to their efficiency and religious leniency and prejudice. Therefore, we first examine the fundamental elements of the educational systems of these two governmental systems and then investigate the efficiency, religious leniency and prejudice of these two as well as the development of their scientific centers and the outcome of their educational systems. The rulers of the Buyid family would treat other religions with leniency, whereas the rulers of Seljukian had a bigoted attitude and would support Shāfi’ism and Hanafism. Their diverse religious policies had impact upon their scientific centers such as mosques, (dervish) monasteries, observatories, libraries, hospitals, houses of science, schools as well as the educational systems of these centers including their textbooks and selection of their teachers and students.
abolfazl abedini
Abstract
Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) carried out the greatest revolution in history. He annihilated all the political institutions, social, moral, cultural and religious communities and replaced new institutions in order to cause a massive upheaval among the Arabs. After the demise of the holy Prophet (PBUH), Umayyads ...
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Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) carried out the greatest revolution in history. He annihilated all the political institutions, social, moral, cultural and religious communities and replaced new institutions in order to cause a massive upheaval among the Arabs. After the demise of the holy Prophet (PBUH), Umayyads extended their influence in the administration of the Islamic community which became the principal source of the formation of later developments in the process of Islamic history. Meanwhile, they re-laid the foundation of novel ignorance. The main research questions here are how Umayyads, who are the chief enemies of Islam, infiltrated into the top management officials of the Islamic Society and who provided the opportunity for them and hold them responsible for sensitive positions which paved the way for the hereditary monarchy.
